SAGBAMAN: Academic Journal of Arts & Humanities

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATORY PLANNING APPROACH IN BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL COMMUNITIES

BREFORD SINCLAIR AMATARI AMATARI PhD — 2024-05-31

The participatory planning approach gives premiumto citizen participation in the planning, implementation and management of environmental concerns. However, this approach has daring challenges because of the traditional top-down planning approach which has been widely used. This paper aims at critically examining the adoption of participatory planning approach in environmental control programmes, with a key objective of identifying constraints to citizen’s participation and making recommendations. The study area comprises ten selected communities in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. Primary source of data was used by administering 250 questionnaires through the simple random sampling technique. The results of the analyses showed low level of participation. Likewise, results of an ANOVA test showed that F-ratio calculated 1527.552 was greater than tabulated value of 3.84, and P-value 0.000 was less than significant 0.05 indicating that participation in environmental control significantly varied among individuals and communities. Results also showed significant relationship with socioeconomic characteristics and participation. 75℅ of respondents were unaware of extant environmental laws and the consequences of their harmful activities, while 21% are aware, but blamed income level, illiteracy and nature of subsistence occupation for engaging in such activities. Results also showed that 82% of
respondents expressed readiness to participate in environmental decision-making processes. It is recommended that Government at all levels should seek citizens and stakeholders participation in the planning and implementation of environmental control programmes, and organize enlightenment programmes to educate the citizens on the importance of establishing balance between socio-economic development and environmental sustainability in rural communities.

RE-EVALUATING THE CONCEPT OF PROCRASTINATION AND THE REASONS WHY STUDENTS PROCRASTINATE; A THEORETICAL APPRAISAL

WILLIAMS ELSIE PhD — 2024-05-31

This paper is a theoretical appraisal on rethinking the concept of procrastination and the reasons why students procrastinate. The norm in the case of education is to do work and learn in school. Although procrastination is a deviance of the norm of education, there are more students who procrastinate than students who get everything done as soon as it is assigned. The standard has been changed; it is now standard behavior to procrastinate since the majority of the social group participates. The problem of procrastination affects many students in secondary schools in Nigeria. On the other hand, many students do not know that their inability to read is problem of postponing their time to studies, but they are engaged more on pleasurable things in which they cannot benefits from it. The paper looked into the concept of procrastination, components of procrastination, and the theoretical framework like social learning theory of Fiske. The reasons why students procrastinate e.g. forgetting about it, lack of clarity about the desired
outcome, resistance overly/ lenient deadlines, distractions, perfectionism, fear of failure etc finally summary, conclusion and recommendations.

IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SCHOOL FACILITIES IN NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY, BAYELSA STATE

SANI ABUBAKAR PhD — 2024-12-14

Facilities management is an integral part of the overall management of tertiary Institutions. The actualization of the goals and objectives of education require the provision, maximum utilization and appropriate management of the facilities. The purpose of this study is to examine the state of school facilities in Nigerian tertiary institutions in comparison with cost of facilities and its management in the institutions. This was achieved by determining the availability of school facilities in Niger Delta University. Assessment of the various facilities managers in the institution, and determining if the cost expended on facilities management in the institution reflects the current state of the physical structures. The data collected were analyzed using mean method and simple percentages. The result revealed that availability of physical facilities in the institution had a mean value of 2.36, performance of the various facilities managers in the institution had a mean value of 2.760, and the simple percentage analysis showed that cost expended on facilities management in the institution, reflects the current state of the physical structures with a value of 89%. The findings from the study show that, the physical facilities in Niger Delta University were inadequate, cost of maintenance expended in the institution has a great impact on the state of the structures and performance of various facilities managers in the institution is just above average. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the government should provide adequate funds to the universities in respect to the provision and management of school facilities. Besides, students should be well-educated on how to maintain available facilities in Nigerian universities.

VISUAL ARTS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION FOR MAN’S DEPENDENCE AND NATION BUILDING

EPEM UBODIOM EPEM UBODIOM — 2024-05-31

Before the emergence of oil and gas exploration in Nigeria, multiplicity of human engagements such as visual arts have sustained the economy of the Nigerian past, but today, the economy is domiciled at the frontiers of oil and gas. This situation has caused enormous challenges to the Nigerian nation building. The study investigated visual arts and entrepreneurship education for man’s dependence and nation building. The study was premised on primary and secondary sources of information and adopted the multi-disciplinary approach. This study revealed that prior to the colonial era the territory built her economy through visual arts such as brass and bronze, wood carvings, ivory carvings, grass and cane weaving, leather and calabash, weaving, painting and tie and textile dyeing. The study found out that the challenges faced by artist in Nigeria are poor infrastructure which includes bad roads, inadequate water supply, erratic electric power supply, difficulty in accessing bank credits and other financial institutions, limitation of entrepreneurial education. The paper also finds out that involvement of artists in entrepreneurship education has led to self-independence, growth and satisfaction, increase of income, boosting of the economy through revenue, enhancement of national development through local
manufacture and reduction of importation. The paper recommended that Nigerians should look back into making and trading of visual arts for man’s dependence and national building.

PERCEPTION OF THE ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE CONSOLIDATION OF DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA

Jonathan Bruce-Agbogidi — 2024-05-30

The study investigated how residents of Bayelsa State perceive the role of political parties in the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria. Three questions guided the study. The descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of this study consisted of all citizens living in Bayelsa State. The sample was randomly selected among Southern Ijaw, Ogbia, Yenagoa and Sagbama citizens. Convenience
sampling technique was adopted. The sample of the study consisted 314 residents of Bayelsa State. A questionnaire titled: “Political Parties and Consolidation of Democracy (PPACOD) was developed and used for data collection. The instrument had a reliability coefficient of 0.58. A simple percentage was used to answer the questions. The findings of the study verified that residents were of the opinion that political parties are not playing the role of consolidating democracy in Nigeria, godfatherism, corruption, electoral challenges and poverty are factors contributing to hindering the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria and that political parties’ politics and internal democracy on the democratic process in Nigeria are moderate. Some recommendations were thus made; there should be a drastic reduction in the issue of relevance of godfatherism, there should be transparency in party primaries, there is a strong need for parties to have ideologies, with set out aims and objectives, this will help strengthen the people’s belief in political parties.

TAX REVENUE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

GODSPOWER C. DUO- DUO — 2024-05-31

The study investigates tax revenue and Sustainable development in Nigeria. The objectives of the study is to determine the effect of (CIT), (PIT) and (VAT) Customs and Excise Duties (CED) on Sustainable development in Nigeria. In analyzing the relationship that exists between tax components and sustainable development in Nigeria. In examining tax components and sustainable development in
Nigeria, the study made use of a 2- stage econometric procedure. First, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test was undertaken to ascertain the order of integration of the variables, then the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was employed to account for a long-run and short-run relationship in the model. The study uses the descriptive statistical approach of central tendencies and
dispersion such as mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum value to organize, summarise and present the data in an informative way to capture the behaviour of the variables. The Result indicated that Petroleum profit tax, Company Income tax and value added had a positive relationship with Real Gross Domestic product both in the short run and long run. There is a significant effect of (CIT), (PIT) and (VAT) Customs and Excise Duties (CED) on Sustainable development in Nigeria and was recommended that : Tax authorities should establish a good relationship with the professional associations involved in tax matters to reduce tax malpractices perpetrated by taxpayers with the connivance and often active support of external auditors and tax consultants. In other to support the cashless economy currently operating in Nigeria and proper accountability, the tax base in Nigeria should be as broad as possible since this can minimise tax distortions and revenue losses. In particular, attention should be carefully given to taxes on production since the study shows that only (CIT), (PIT) and (VAT) has positive impacts on economic growth in Nigeria.

THE HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SETTING OF OGBIA AND ITS ENVIRONS: AN OVERVIEW.

ENDURANCE AZIBABEN OBIENE — 2024-05-31

The study assesses the geographical and physical setting of the area (Ogbia) and its environs. It shows the various characteristics of the physical setting (drainage, soil, climate, vegetation and human settlement) system as it relates to human activities, their productivity before and after the discovery of crude oil (Oloibiri) in commercial quantity in Nigeria. The human activities were originally fishing and farming settlers, producing various food crops such as yam, cassava cocoyam, plantain, sweet potatoes, sugar cane, rice, palm oil, etc. with various natural resources The food products and crops were transported through the rivers which is the original means of communication before the advent of the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas in the region. The various administrative systems are characterized by the river transport (Ekole, Kolo creek, Otuoke River and the Brass River) where great movement of goods and services impact positively to the human development in the area. The expansion of the state capital (Yenagoa) has brought both physical and economic development through the volume of trade. It concluded that due to its abundant land and natural resources there is need for proper physical planning to boost sustainable economic development in the area.

FEDERALISM AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS ON INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE (IGR) IN SAGBAMA LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL, BAYELSA STATE

KORIKIYE WENIBOWEI — 2024-05-31

Nigeria's local government administration is now dealing with a number of issues. One issue is finding sufficient funding from both the federal and state governments. Additionally, there are issues with obtaining funding from internally generated revenue. These nagging issues are the gears that keep Nigeria's local government administration operating smoothly. The issues include the theft of council funds for personal gain by dishonest tax officials, as well as the infiltration of other tiers of government through the misappropriation of local government monies. Thus, it is imperative that the revenue production of local governments be reviewed. The current study's goals are to assess critically how internally produced money affects local government operations in Sagbama local government area of Bayelsa state, and to establish a nexus between internally generated revenue, and level of development
of the case study area. To analyze the machinery of internally generated revenue as well as to review the various sources of internally generated revenue, data were collected from Sagbama Local Government council. The analysis is through descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The descriptive analysis involved the use of simple percentages, tabulation and counts, while inferential statistical
method employed, chi-square a nalytical instrument. It is concluded and recommended that keeping of appropriate accounting records and books, supply of social and economic service, establishment of people oriented projects, staff motivation; training and retraining of revenue officers can set the local government system in the right direction to improving internally generated revenue.

ICT UTILIZATION IN TEACHING AND LEARNING OF SOCIAL STUDIES IN NIGERIAN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

AMAKIRI JACKSON FRED — 2024-05-31

Considering innovations in various fields of endeavor, there is need for social studies teachers to be part of the innovation in the 21St century. Hence, the paper critically presents ICT utilization in the teaching and learning of social studies in junior secondary schools: The study finds that introducing ICT to our educational system has both positive and negative effects, but its positive effects cannot be
overemphasized. The paper conceptualized ICT and social studies. It revealed various suggestions and the importance of ICT to social studies. The paper itemized the problems of ICT utilization in the teaching and learning of social studies to including epileptic network, poor or unsteady electricity problem, high cost of ICT tools, teacher's inefficiency and insecurity problems. Given the above
problems, the study identified measures to tackle these problems which include; regular power supply, teacher's professional development, making available internet accessibility and many more. The study conclude by stating that all hands must be on deck to ensure that the measures identified are improved on as it will enable social studies teachers to utilize ICT tools for teaching and learning solution.

FUNDING PUBLIC HIGHER INSTITUTIONS FOR GOAL ATTAINMENT IN BAYELSA STATE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

DAWAYE OPUDA EBIERE — 2024-05-31

This study examined the challenges and prospects of funding public higher institutions and goal attainment in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Results obtained revealed that there are numerous challenges facing funding of higher education institutions in the State ranging from the high number of state-owned higher institutions to budgetary allocation, implementation of subvention policy, other competing government programmes as well as the extent to which funding sources, mode of fund allocation and utilization of funding; affects goal attainment in tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State. However, measures already taken by the State government indicates improved funding of tertiary institutions in the State. The work adopted descriptive and analytical research techniques and thus relied on secondary data for analysis of the issues raised in the study. It was recommended that tertiary institution managers or
institutional leadership should establish viable sources of funding in order to boost their financial base other than over depending on government, this would lift them relatively out of poor budgetary allocation or subventions from government as well work against
misappropriation, embrace proper utilization of funds through an internal control mechanism; this would enable them attain their stipulated goals.

THE PERFORMER AS HEALER IN ORAL LITERATURE

ARTHUR EBIBOLOUORUPOU — 2024-05-31

This study is an examination of the Performer as Healer in Oral Select masquerade Songs in Ijaw. It is a literature of performance through word of mouth and enhanced by its utilitarian values. It isposited in the words of Okpewho (2003) that, “a performance-centred conception of verbal art” (6). The care giver of every oral art is the performer. The concept of Performer as Healer in Oral Literature has received tremendous attention but not enough has been done from a scholarly point of view, and that is the focus of this study. The performer takes different strategies as the arouser, and interpreter of emotions, situations to transport the audience to different spheres. Both physical, psychological and so on, by healing individuals of stress and boredom. This endues the performer as healer in oral literature. The study uses Victor Turner’s strand of “Performance theoretical” approach and psycho-analysis as a
concept in the analysis of selected Ijaw masquerade songs as sample,showing therapeutic effects in oral literature. The methodology is analytical since the data will be subject to critical evaluation. The study concludes that the performer as healer in oral literature helps in
treating psycho-pathetic and emotional situations, just as the Physician, Nurse, Councilor,alike. The performer is a healer of society of social ills through oral literature (performance).

POLITICS AND COMMITMENTS IN THE DRAMATIC WORKS OF WOLE SOYINKA

WILSON MUMEYA FIDELIS — 2024-05-31

This paper is set forth to explore the nexus between politics and the artist in society. It further highlights the place of Wole Soyinka as an artist with political intent, the place of artist in general politics. It also shed light in the concept of politics and the overall understanding of the "politics of Wole Soyinka" via his creative acumen.

ETHNO-SCIENCE AND ETHNO-METHODOLOGY AS QUALITY RESEARCH METHODS IN THE LIBERAL ARTS

WILSON MUMEYA FIDELIS — 2024-05-31

This paper is set forth to explore two broad concepts of research methodology which are; Ethno-science and Ethno-methodology. The application of these methods will enhance quality and good research results. This paper highlights the relationship between the two concepts in research and draw a distinction between them and show why each is very essential in research method. The paper further identifies the usefulness of these methods in the Liberal arts with the view of exploring the culture and environment of the people differently. The paper concludes by identifying the various strengths of these methods and emphasizing the people perception and knowledge as well as the people’s methods.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND E-LEARNING AS INNOVATION TO SUSTAIN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN RIVERS STATE

OSCAR INOWEI ALABO — 2024-05-31

With the plethora of challenges presented by covid-19 pandemic brought about approaches to contend the menace. It was due to this the paper examined covid-19 pandemic and elearning as innovation to sustain public university education in Rivers State. The paper was anchored to achieve two objectives such as: to find out the imperative for the use of Elearning among universities in the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic in Rivers State; to identify the challenges of E-learning among universities in the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic in Rivers State. The theory of Anthony Giddens on Time-space distanciation was used to link Covid-19 and E-learning. Two universities in Rivers State were selected for the study using qualitative approach. The findings showed that there was progress in the use of e-learning technology and that it led to advancement of teaching and learning systems in the educational system among public universities in Rivers State. Also, it showed some challenges that affected elearning such as network problem, epileptic power supply and ICT gadgets among others. There is need for universities to ensure the adoption of E-learning to assist and serve as an alternative to the unconventional classroom teaching and learning in case of an emergency period such as COVID-19 pandemic.

THEORIE INTERPRETATIVE DE LA TRADUCTION ET L’ANALYSE DU DISCOURS

NCHEDO PRISCILLA OKEKE — 2024-05-31

La théorie interprétative de la traduction et l’analyse du discours jouent un rôle majeur dans la traduction puisque elles facilitent, lors de la lecture et la compréhension, le dégagement du sens voulu par l’auteur, que recouvrent les unités linguistiques présentes dans le texte, mais aussi d’autres unités dites non linguistiques qui intervient dans la construction du sens et sans lesquelles, l’acte traduisant se réduirait à un simple transcodage. L’introduction de quelques bases de l’analyse du discours, s’avère, donc, indispensable dans les cours de traduction, afin que les traducteurs en apprennent les principes et s’exercent à les investir en interprétant le sens à traduire. Le but de ce travail est d’encourager l’application de théorie interprétative et l’analyse de discours dans la traduction textes. Le resultat montre que c’est seule la méthode interprétative qui peut conduire à la postulation d’équivalence contextuelle.

METHODOLOGIES DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT-APPRENTISAGE DU FRANÇAIS

NCHEDO PRISCILLA OKEKE — 2024-05-31

Cet article étudie les différentes méthodologies de l’enseignement du français. Le but de ce travail est d’exposer les différentes méthodes d’enseignement-apprentissage du français et d’encourager les développeurs de cursus d’inclure les nouvelles approches d’enseignement du français dans le cursus. L'étude explique explicitement les différentes méthodologies de l’enseignement du français et la comparaison entre les nouvelles approches de l’enseignement du français. Cette étude a découvert que les enseigneurs du français au Nigéria utilisent les méthodes démodées pour enseigner le français. Les résultats montrent que les nouvelles approches peuvent être appliquées dans toutes les langues surtout dans l'enseignement du français. Ayant vu les différentes méthodologies de l’enseignement du français, cette étude recommande que le ministère de l'Éducation du Nigéria et les
développeurs de cursus incluent les nouvelles approches d’enseignement du français dans le cursus.